How does high cholesterol contribute to stroke risk?

High cholesterol contributes to stroke risk primarily by promoting plaque buildup in the arteries, which can lead to blockages. Cholesterol, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, can accumulate on the arterial walls, forming plaques. Over time, these plaques can narrow the arteries, reducing blood flow to critical areas, including the brain. If a plaque ruptures, it can lead to the formation of a clot that may completely obstruct blood flow, resulting in a stroke.

Plaque buildup can also contribute to another type of stroke known as an embolic stroke, where a piece of plaque or clot breaks loose and travels to the brain, blocking an artery there. This connection between high cholesterol levels, arterial plaque accumulation, and the resulting increased risk of stroke underscores the importance of monitoring and managing cholesterol levels in promoting vascular health and reducing stroke risk.